app/node_modules/@angular/material/form-field/_user-agent-overrides.scss

// Mixin that resets user agent styles to make the form field behave consistently.
@mixin private-form-field-user-agent-overrides() {
  .mat-mdc-form-field-input-control {
    // Due to the native input masking these inputs can be slightly taller than
    // the plain text inputs. We normalize it by resetting the line height.
    &[type='date'],
    &[type='datetime'],
    &[type='datetime-local'],
    &[type='month'],
    &[type='week'],
    &[type='time'] {
      line-height: 1;
    }

    // Native datetime inputs have an element in the shadow DOM that makes them taller than
    // other inputs. These changes reset the user agent styles to make them consistent.
    // via https://8yd.no/article/date-input-height-in-safari
    &::-webkit-datetime-edit {
      line-height: 1;
      padding: 0;
      margin-bottom: -2px;
    }
  }
}